SOME GOOD - AND STILL UNANSWERED - QUESTIONS

 

March 1969 in the Davenport, Iowa file was this report about an Ironwood, Michigan sighting by a 14 year old paperboy who had seen many things over the years in his early morning route. He noted he had been severely ridiculed because of that. Yet. he still reported what he saw. 

"Why do you keep all of this from the public?"

"Why do you give dumb explanations for objects seen in the sky as "satellites" that turn colors and change course in its flight pattern?..."

Elmer, Missouri Man Had a UFO Experience in 1969 - It Stopped His Truck

 

A Meteor that Curved Up?

 A basic premise is that things that go up tend to come down. And things that are usually seen in the sky tend to be things that come down - either in freefall from the pull of gravity or controlled by mechanical means. 

In 1969 there was a case of someone seeing something that was a bit different. It was in the midst of something being seen across Illinois, Ohio, Kentucky and West Virginia. Some other locations also reported seeing something. 

Most thought it had to be very large meteor. Maybe a fireball. 

One individual filled out a Project Blue Book form and drew the course and details of what he saw. The arrows show the object climbing, breaking apart, and disappearing at a higher elevation than it began. There was report of a loud boom. Massive colors.

Explanations ranged from the Aurora Borealis to a very large fireball or meteor.  If the later, one of the strangest with a climbing trajectory...

Was it a decaying satellite, a run amuck missile, or something else entirely?

A Spy Plane, A UFO, and Some Near Misses: The RB-47h Incident (Kansas, Texas, Oklahoma)

 1957, July 17, Forbes AFB, Topeka, Kansas.

“A Spy-Plane, A UFO, and Some Near Misses: The RB-47h Incident.”

In a year that would turn out to be truly amazing in regards the unidentified, this case and those surrounding it rank as a truly important and classic case. Better known as the “RB-47h Case” this is very impressive case. Forbes was home to a special plane loaded with some new and hush-hush electrical counter-measures equipment. 

Flying out of Forbes AFB that day the task was simple. It was a standard weapons and systems proficiency assignment that included the new counter-measures. They would fly south over Oklahoma, cross into the Dallas-Ft. Worth area in Texas, and then head east toward Louisiana (toward Jackson and Meridian in Mississippi to be precise) and then south to Gulfport. 

Finally, they would go out into the gulf to practice some predetermined weapons maneuvers to add to the previous testing of both ground equipment and the onboard gear.

Mission completed, the plane simply reversed its course. That was when things became … a little interesting. The craft (the RB-47h) was crewed by pilot Lewis D. Chase; co-pilot James H. McCoid; navigator Thomas H. Hanley; #2 Monitor Operator, Frank B. McClure; #3 Monitor Operator, Walter A. Tuchscherer; #1 Monitor Operator, John Provenzano.

Coming home, the first contact was equipment based over the region of Gulfport, Mississippi. This was followed by a visual sighting by the crew of RB-47h over western Louisiana (southeast of Jackson, Mississippi). At about 5:10 am, the aircraft commander observed a very bright white light tinted by blue. It was at an 11 o’clock position and crossed right in front of the plane at about the 2:30 o’clock position. At 1039z the aircraft commander sighted a huge light estimated 5000 ft. below the aircraft at about the 3 o’ clock position. The crew clearly recalled a light emanating from its top portion. These air reports were being verified by the ground units.

Later experts would describe the actions of this “light” as traveling faster than an airplane, nothing that it “emitted, and reflected, 2800 megahertz radio waves…it displayed behavior indicative of intelligent control.” (Craig, pg. 143).

At about 5:40 a.m. the #2 Monitor Operator reported two signals (i.e., two objects) at 40 and 70 degrees. At this time, the aircraft commander and co-pilot saw two objects with red color. There was no discernable shape to the red glow. At the time they were approaching the Dallas area and received approval to ignore their flight plan and pursue the mystery objects. Sources diverge as to the source of the approval. One indicates it was the FAA (then called the CAA) and another that it was the military authority who granted this pursuit action. One crew member recalled seeing the lights moving abruptly starboard to port side and then back; in other words the lights were actively moving. The ground sensing equipment was with several designated radar stations involved in the exercise with RB-47h. Several of these had tracked the objects. One, code named UTAH, had not been on or its settings had not been calibrated because it did not track the objects until further into the incident. When they came online it was after the objects had turned northward and reappeared visually as well on the radar screens. 

The “unknown” turned north between Ft. Worth and Dallas.  It was while in that general area that chief pilot Chase received permission to go after it from an authority (CAA or military). One source said they had “told all jets to get out of the way.”

 

The plane went toward Mineral Wells (west of Ft. Worth) before making a turn back toward the Ft. Worth-Dallas air corridor.  At about 5:42 a.m. the crew reported an object ten nautical miles northwest of Ft. Worth.  ADC’s “UTAH” station confirmed it on their ground scopes.  One of the Monitors on the RB-47h regained the object on their scope at 5:58 a.m. when it was some 25 nautical miles northwest of Ft. Worth. It was at again at a 2 o’clock position relative to the RB-47h.

At this time, the crew was beginning to fear they would run low on fuel and not make it back to their home base in northern Kansas.  So at 6:20 a.m. they took up a heading for home station at Forbes. Heading into southern Oklahoma, at 20,000 ft., they once more tracked an object (the same or similar).  Some unofficial reports indicate that the object may have been seen by people on the ground near both the Ardmore and Oklahoma City area. Just as the RB-47h was nearing Oklahoma City the object was permanently lost.  The plane continued on to Topeka, was debriefed, audio wire recordings and images from the equipment and the interviews was collected and the crew believed all reports had been filed by their superiors. 

Well, at least that was way it was supposed to happen.

That same early morning just fifty miles east of El Paso, over an area called the Salt Flats, in the far southwest corner of Texas, an American Airlines commercial plane had a near collision with a “mysterious unidentified object.” The incident made headlines – complicating things for many agencies involved in answering the mystery.

It was only fast action that kept AA Flight # 655 from having a more serious encounter than it did that morning of July 17, 1957. I was about 4:00 a.m. when Captain T. ‘Ed’ Bachner, a 15 year pilot veteran, saw a “green light” ahead. The plane was a DC-7 air coach with 85 souls (80 passengers and 5 crew). Presuming the light was the left wing running light of another aircraft while flying at 14,000 ft., he veered right. At the same time, he sent the plane into a sharp 400-500 drop. Some passengers injured, two of them seriously enough to require an unscheduled stop at the El Paso airport.  AA Flight 655 was heading west on a flight from, newspaper accounts vary, from either New York to Los Angeles from Dallas to Los Angles. His position of 50 miles east from El Paso was tracked by the beacon towers at Salt Flats and the Waco Tower.

The year would see many problems for commercial flights with numerous crashes making headlines.  That was one reason why the mysterious near-misses caught people’s attention. Add in the mysterious unknown craft angle and there was a much stronger interest. Were UFO’s causing these near collisions? Commercial pilots, crews and passengers had been among some of the earliest, and best, cases reported about unidentified flying objects. The pilots were great witnesses – smart, experienced, calm under pressure.  When the explanation that the “discs” were secret test projects one disgruntled pilot asked a still unanswered question: “why fly in commercial air space and endanger the public?”

The next week (July 22, 1957) near Amarillo in the Texas panhandle a Trans World Airlines Flight #21 had a similar encounter. It was about 10 p.m. when a Captain Schamel of TWA was flying at 18,000 ft. when, in the darkness ahead he saw, unexpectedly, what looked like “running lights.” Again, an emergency dive by an experienced pilot, created chaos in the cabin, and a few minor injuries,  but a collision was averted.

Then on the night of July 29 and early morning of July 30 in Ohio the pilots of Capital Airlines # 841 observed an object suddenly appear out of the north and passed their path some 40-50 miles out of Akron. The aircraft gave chase and the object sped up ahead of it and then disappeared northwest over the horizon of Akron itself. Both pilots were very sure the object was not a star and not jet. They described this object as large, yellow-white light, no sound, very fast, light would go brilliant then dim and then brighten once more in a cycle. It hovered at one point over the area of Cleveland and then moved northwest at a 20 degree angle.  The pilots had it view for about eight minutes.

Further north on July 30, an object was seen east of Rockford, Michigan about midnight.  It was described as three walnut sized, round, objects changing colors from red, green, and to yellow. There were three in the west and one object in the northeast. When they moved they left a small red tinged “exhaust.” The objects remained stationary and moved in bobby motion. They remained in place in the sky for some thirty minutes. The conclusion of the Air Force? The witnesses had seen the “aurora borealis” then “visible in the United States.”

This case, involving as it did a virtual “spy-plane” with electronic counter-measure equipment and a specialized crew did not even reach Project Blue Book until November of 1957. The file was classed “Secret” according to documents because of that special aspect to the equipment. To further muddy the waters the report was dated for September and as a result all weather reports and other data accessed to investigate this case were invalid.  September and as a result all weather reports and other data accessed to investigate this case were invalid. 

The CAA handed the Air Force a solution when they sent a letter to Project Blue Book saying they had proven the Aircraft (AA Flight 655) had encountered another aircraft (AA Flight 966). The TWA flight on July 22 had, it was “assumed” encountered a U.S.A.F. KC-97 aircraft “which was known to be operating in the area at the time of the incident.” “The true identify,” wrote A.L. Coulter and Ray Keeley, Director, Office of Flight Operations and Airworthiness for the Department of Commerce, Civil Aeronautics Division in a November 1957 letter to ATIC at Wright-Patterson AFB, “of this aircraft was never determined, however…”   An incident endangering civilian lives in commercial airspace was solved by an “assumption.”

The reason for this delay may have been the highly classified nature of the equipment. Just the month before the Russian launching Sputnik I there may have been concerns about leaking information. It could also have been that the incident was one big puzzle and those in “intelligence” had no clue what had happened or what had been seen by the crew over some 700 nautical miles.

In 1971, Dr. James McDonald, a rare scientific proponent of the need for serious investigations into such things, led an academic sub-committee report on this case. He and his committee noted it had been studied by the Condon Report. 

In McDonald’s group they had uncovered that (a) the case was misfiled due to the wrong date being assigned to the case. It was labeled as 18 September 1957 (Craig, pg. 134) and not 17 July 1957 ;(b) as a result of that error all the radar and weather reports analyzed by Condon’s team had used the incorrect event date thus invalidating all of their conclusions; (3) the audio interview made of the crew on landing at Forbes, the reports, and a lot of other materials were “misplaced.”

McDonald, so often horribly ridiculed and attacked by his peers and professional debunkers such as Phillip Klass and Dr. Donald H. Menzel, arranged for new interviews with the crew to replace the “lost” (or simply never generated reports of the event), he saw that the dating was corrected in the record, and made sure the scientists who were members of the AIAA were heard. For more information see “UFO Encounter 1: Sample Case Selected by the UFO’s Sub-committee of the AIAA” Astronautics and Aeronautics (July 1971) and Scientific Studies of Objects Unidentified Flying Objects (Boston 1969). 

Despite the odd conclusion found in Project Blue Book, namely agreeing with the CAA statement that the incident was caused by a near collision with an American Airlines Flight #655, later research pointed out the impossibility of that given their relative locations.  Also, the alleged AA Flight #966 was reportedly grounded at the time. So the whole solution becomes a bit sticky the closer it is examined.

Debunkers Klass and Menzel, among others, would assert “ball lightening” but when the University of Colorado committee heard the report and talked with the crew all but the diehard skeptics lost interest in that as a viable cause.

Charges of problems with the electronic countermeasure equipment would be made, as they often were, on any radar based sightings. The problem was the objects were seen by both human eye and electronic equipment.  Later, the Wing Reconnaissance Director had no question that the electronic signal they had picked up had come from the mystery object.

An excellent summary of the importance of this event is found on NICAP’s 1957 Chronology page: “1. The RB-47 case is the first known case of a UFO transmitting its own radar beam (several other cases are now known but the RB-47 was the first to become public).  Not only was the UFO tracked by an air defense radar on the ground near Dallas and by the RB-47 spy plane's airborne radar, but the UFO itself was sending out radar signals.  It is the only known radar-visual-ELINT case on record (a few radar-ELINT cases with no visual sightings, and a few visual-ELINT cases, with no radar tracks, are known too); 2.  The UFO's radar signals were picked up on special highly classified Electronic Intelligence (ELINT pronounced "EL-int") equipment aboard the RB-47. 

The RB-47 normally flew missions on the periphery of the Soviet bloc, using its spy gear to locate enemy radars.  In this case, on July 17, 1957, the RB-47 flew out of Forbes AFB, Kansas, on a training mission out over the Gulf of Mexico.  On its return leg, the UFO was detected on the spy plane's ELINT gear.”

What was scheduled to be a run-of-the-mill practice mission that day in July 1957 became much more. Although authorities attempted to hide the information, lose the evidence, and divert attention the truth did emerge.  The shell game aspect, however, leaves the possibility of other evidence lost, misplaced, and intentionally obfuscated in those years – and perhaps – still today.

Sources: Include, NICAP http://www.nicap.org/reports/rb47_update_sparks.htm’; Roy Craig, UFO’s An Insider’s View of the Official Quest for Evidence (UNT, 1995); “Airliner Misses Mystery Craft in Darkness” (The Daily News-Telegram, Sulphur Springs, TX (July 17, 1957); Project Blue Book files; “UFO Encounter 1: Sample Case Selected by the UFO’s Sub-committee of the AIAA”, Astronautics and Aeronautics (July 1971) and Scientific Studies of Objects Unidentified Flying Objects (Boston 1969). 

[From “Kansas Encounters”, Marilyn A. Hudson, 2022]

"Here Come the Men in Black"

In the study of the unknown in the skies the trope is a familiar one: a pair of strangers arrive (usually in an older model but shiny dark car) , they are wearing similar, slightly outdated formal dress (dark suits, ties, white shirts, sunglasses, hats, etc.), they are often slightly tanned have old fashioned short cut hair or a longer style and respond to ordinary questions with an awkward, stilted, or robotic manner.  They convey a strong sense of something off-kilter, may seem authoritative or even intimidating.

In some instances, they have even worn uniforms and passed themselves off as military officers, police, and government representatives (Department of Defense, Ministry of Defense, CIA, etc.).  The results achieved by these "men in black" or "MIB" is not always immediate - it has to be proven after all - that the MIB are not what they claim. Eventually, however, the result is always the same.

Say "Men in Black" - or infer the same - and believability, credence, and acceptance fly out the window. All those take an immediate - and killing - nose-dive.

What were they? Who are they?

Here is my theory. 

WE ARE FROM THE GOVERMENT

In the early days of the investigations into "UFO's" or "Flying Saucers" as they were called then, the military was only one agency in play. Indeed, FBI files clearly reveal that the Army Air Force (just months before it became the new Air Force) solicited assistance from agents to do the "leg work" of interviewing witnesses, weeding out unlikely or questionable sources, etc.  This dove-tailed with the work the FBI had been doing for nearly a decade: background checks of employees in government positions, checking up on potential spies, and a host of similar tasks. They continued the message of the WW2 era with its top secret "Manhattan" style projects...'don't talk about what is seen.' After all, the posters had all reminded people that "Loose Lips Sink Ships." 

Furthermore, the FBI required a strict and standard dress code of its field agents. The uniform was dark suits, thin dark ties, white shirts and shiny black shoes. All to that a pair of sunglasses and a "Dragnet" style unemotional manner of speech and you have....yes, the Men in Black. Who probably arrived in a shiny dark, sedate, older model car. 

Since many projects involved people, places, or agencies attached to government projects and classified work, the FBI - and other intelligence agencies or groups - investigated. The files of Project Blue Book verify this was the case with reports using a variety of intelligence agencies forms for their records. Additionally, the locals where final dispositions were sent were not Wright Air Field, later Wright-Patterson Air Force Base. 

UNCENSORED AND RUNNING AMUCK

 In the early and mid 1950's various psychological warfare projects were conducted under the umbrella of military, government, and private contracting agencies.  These were almost completely lacking in oversight, allegiance to medical testing regulations, or any but a basic level of results based accountability.  This evidenced by the records of the disbanding of one such project to create another such project with added levels of accountability and applications of ethical codes of conduct. 

The "genie", however, was out of the bottle. It is unclear if all such programs were disbanded or brought under a rein of accountability. Did some float free, hidden beneath layers of black ops funding and high levels of secrecy? 

In this time from the mid 1950's through the early 1970's congressional records reveal that there were massive super-secret and often unsupervised projects underway operating under the label of 'national security." These included testing of LSD and other drugs on unsuspecting citizens, practicing and applying principles of "mind control", and developing plans for sanctioned "assassinations" of world leaders, known criminals, and possibly others.  Those in charge were thinking outside the box but without filters, regulations, accountability and doubtless lacking an untainted moral compass. Those in charge and those who gave approval were often fearful to the point of paranoia and plagued by a thousand Cold War inspired "what ifs."

To hide secret projects at any cost; what would be silencing a few witnesses, removing evidence, or even abducting a few people with some selective hypnosis so they forgot...or maybe even better so they mis-remembered what they experienced?

THE SPACE RACE, LITTLE GREEN MEN, AND M.I.B.

The late 1950's into the 1970's saw many covert projects take over Project Blue Book's prime mission. They tracked experiments and test flights while pretending to do the same thing they always had and finding nothing but, "sigh" somebody had to do it. This double life gave birth to many of the "dirty tricks" and attitudes that would later bring down a President because of Watergate and missing time on a recording. It's genesis, in part, was in this time period. So much in society - and the government - was dealing from the bottom of the deck in the name of success and for some "national security."

Eisenhower's famous warning of the military-industrial complex power grab recognized that secrets, money, and power all go hand in hand. The cycle of politics went unchecked: money to get a candidate in, money for doing the bidding of the money men, and access to secrets. Secrets lead to power and power leads to more power, money and secrets. When you stare in the abyss, said Nietzche, be careful for eventually the Abyss stares back at you. When one is cut loose from ethical guides science, the military, philosophy, religion, and more can bring a Kingdom to its knees leaving an amoral, lawless, heartless culture in its wake.

In the 1950's, 1960's and 1970's was an uptick in "alien abductions" and "sightings".  Many of these were "contactees" who met space brothers and had a message of peace from the stars. Many of these events involved horrific testing procedures, many are simply odd. Others are so odd and unusual they are outliers to the full group. Many of these occurred in South America. Did that region become a testing ground for dueling cold war tests designed to play with people's minds, their memories, and plant false information? It cannot be ruled out. 

The fact that many of the early reports were tagged for the eyes of the psychological warfare or merely the psychology division may be telling. If the Psychological Warfare people were in it from such an early date someone had to be interested in using what was happening to the benefit of the U.S. Government (or any government thinking of the idea).

The "MIB" are the perfect solution for an agency to interfere, retrieve evidence or data, and leave no trace. That is because they know as they police or news reporters drive away they are chuckling about the nutjob seeing strange people. Men in Black. Indeed. 

AN OLD SITUATION OR A NEW ONE?

 As children most grow up hearing, reading, and seeing stories filled with mythic folk called "fairies". "Elves", and similar creatures. There is the cartoon variety, the Disney take on the same and ones conjured by our own imagination. IN re-reading a classic work in UFO history this week I was allowed to consider some interesting points. They stem from the idea that the alien abduction theme is merely a reflection of an ancient mythic landscape dressed in new and more technical clothing.  Just how similar are the world of "FAE" and the "ALIEN ABDUCTION WORLD"?

The land of FAE, a term meaning literally abduction and enchantment, has been around for centuries. The tales carry their own rules, colors, heroes and villains. The alien abduction has been a part of the UFO landscape from the early 1950's - if the Contactee stories are included in the mix -and by 1960 if not.

FAE WORLD

Shakespeare in The Merry Wives of Windsor gave them a color scheme: black, grey, green and white. 

Tales share that people interacting with the Fae world experience altered states of consciousness.

Sounds are reduced, muffled, or disappear.

Time slows down or there is missing time.

Individuals are captured, taken, abducted.

People experience hypnotic trances.

The beings of the FAE are able to impact the environment in numerous ways. This includes forming bubbles, domes, and cones of influence. This includes transporting a person from one location to another.

The shape of the FAE falls largely into small and large or tall groups The small are often childlike, under 4 feet and have large eyes. The tall are human-like, often blonde and fair or with odd tanned skin.

They are described in terms of magical or enchantment due to the abilities they exhibit.

ALIEN ABDUCTION WORLD

The colors of the beings fall into white, grey, black and green. An occasional silver and some reports of reptile scales with reptilian colors.

People experience altered states of consciousness.

Sounds are reduced, muffled, or disappear.

Time slows or there is missing time

Individuals are captured, taken, abducted.

People experience hypnotic trances.

The beings of the alien abduction scenario are able to impact the environment in numerous ways. This includes forming bubbles, domes, and cones of influence. This includes transporting a person from one location to another.

The shape of the beings reported fall into generally two: small and tall creatures. The small are often childlike, under 4 feet and have large eyes. The tall are human-like, often blonde and fair or with oddly tanned skin.

They are described in terms of supernatural (beyond known or normal parameters of the defined natural world), other worldly, alien, and paranormal (a word often used to refer to spooks and ghosts but means something standing alongside the natural; an alternate reality choice).

The academic question many have been asking for decades stem from the similarities of the two experiences. Are they the same?  Are modern alien abduction stories part of an ancient construct?  If so, why the abrupt shift from pixies, fairies, trolls, and the like to "space brothers" and "E.T."?

Have, perhaps, alien entities used familiar mind maps or constructs imprinted at a DNA level in humankind to enhance their own agenda and achieve their own goals related to Earth? 

In the broad field of mythology - from cultures - across the globe, entities similar to the FAE are classed as "fates."   These fate impacting entities tended to love forests, springs, and caves.  The earliest forms of these fates - globally - is a determination of life and death, good fortune and ill, and similar basic needs.

Is humanity merely dragging their archaic needs along with them into a modern world; evolving from veneration of elementals into objects of lights and movements?  If so, would not there be a more accepting and calm recognition of childhood growing up? 

Is there something buried deep in human minds that carries a racial warning from ages past of things to be aware of and take caution?

Did something simply psycho-analyze an early abductee and find these latent memories and myths and say, "Hmm, we can use this."

The field of study called by some UFOlogy is no simple discipline but one that we may not yet be ready to truly grasp in all its significance and subtle properties. 

The answer is needed. Is the study of the unidentified objects

in the skies on old situation or a new one? Hopefully, we will soon be able to study the subject in the depth and intensity it well deserves. 

1957 - A YEAR OF FASCINATING EVENTS

It will be marked as the year of Sputnik, as the year of great change, but it was also a year of some intriguing cases in the studies of UFO's (what is now called UAP's).  It was also a unique period where over 60 counties worked together to collect scientific data. It was the Interenational Geophysical Year
(1957- 1958).

Wikipedia, described it this way:

"The International Geophysical Year (IGY; French: Année géophysique internationale) was an international scientific project that lasted from 1 July 1957 to 31 December 1958. It marked the end of a long period during the Cold War when scientific interchange between East and West had been seriously interrupted. Sixty-seven countries participated in IGY projects, although one notable exception was the mainland People's Republic of China, ....[1][2]  The IGY encompassed eleven Earth sciences: aurora and airglow, cosmic rays, geomagnetism, gravity, ionospheric physics, longitude and latitude determinations (precision mapping), meteorology, oceanography, seismology, and solar activity.[2] The timing of the IGY was particularly suited for studying some of these phenomena, since it covered the peak of solar cycle 19. Both the Soviet Union and the U.S. launched artificial satellites for this event; the Soviet Union's Sputnik 1, launched on October 4, 1957, was the first successful artificial satellite.[3] Other significant achievements of the IGY included the discovery of the Van Allen radiation belts by Explorer 1 and the defining of mid-ocean submarine ridges, an important confirmation of plate-tectonic theory.[4][5][6]" 

Meanwhile, in other sources.....sometimes only the name and date remain.

Feb. 14, Stead AFB. Reno, NV

May 3, Goodland, KS

May 7, Randall, Iowa. 1 round object, size of a dime held at arm's length, blue color, observed with binoculars for half an hour. The file contains mostly information on a comet that had peaked in April. It was still visible but only with binoculars or a telescope by the time of this sighting (its brightness had reduced to a 7 mag.).  Thus, the apparent size, color, and other actions do not conform to a sighting of the Comet Arend Roland.  Since more than 5 comets had been discovered in 1956 it is possible it was another one but with some important details missing it is hard to say for sure. There were eleven other cases in Iowa alone in the 1957: Glenwood, Ottumwa, Randall, Waterloo, and Thompson. Later in the year Odebolt, Des Moines, Council Bluffs, Waverly and Clarksville followed by Argle.

May 26, Ft. Meyers, FL Described as a stationary object the shape of a three fingered hand, brilliant white in color , but one said it was dark with bright white infused light behind it and was the apparent size of a silver dollar held had arm's length, and more a baseball when seen through the binoculars. It was labeled a balloon based on description, time in place, and stationary aspect of the object.

July 13, Iran - With the Russians making noises about a satellite, there were no doubt spy planes aloft but some of the sightings are interesting.

July 16, Las Vegas, NV

July 17, Forbes AFB, Kansas - to Dallas - to LA and the Gulf and back. *** One of the most important cases. Hynek, Condon, and Macdonald all explored the case - often with surprising results. McDonalds team is the most valuable study of events. 

July 19, Dayton, OH

July 22, Ohio, A Bright triangle

Aug 13 or 14, Knoxville, TN.  The shape was called reddish-orange and like two "V"'s pointing toward each other with their open ends out (tip to tip shape?). Looked the size of a human fist and moved SE to SW at dusk (two dates in the file). Someone suggested it was a "jet with its afterburners on,"  An object the size of a fist at arm's length would have been clearly recognizable as an aircraft; there would have been noise at the distance as well. None reported. The time was "dusk" and the time was listed as "14/0113z". 

Aug29, Wichita, Kansas

Oct. 6, Des Moines, Iowa

Oct. 13, Odebolt, Iowa

Oct. 14 - Sewart AFB, TN. A thirty-minute sighting of a round blueish white object that was stationary until it faded. It was observed from the ground and via air.  A one page report deemed insufficient data.

Oct. 14, IRAN, - Comet or Sputnik? Several objects reported between May and Oct and by "Americans". Usually seen half hour after sunset, appeared like a large red light moving rapidly across the sky over Tabriz going E-W. No sound, binocular sightings inconclusive. last sighting was a bright white light. A comet had been reported May 21 over Rezaieh. Around July 13, three sightings and then on Oct. 14 - possible sighting of Sputnik.

Oct. 22, Haviland, KS. Using binoculars the witness observed three objects moving north over 30 minutes. Another said it was more oblong and the size of a half dollar at arms length. It was sunset so the objects were clearly illuminated from the side. They looked like three objects "one on top the other" with a third one trailing with no sound or exhaust. Further details were it was a half moon shape with a dome on top. Attention drawn by the strong light associated with the objects. Another witness said it was the size of a B-25. It was practically still, very little movement, halfmoon in shape and again white to red on the top.  An answer was suggested that it was a "possible balloon" or an "astro" EXCEPT for the motion reported as north..."Insufficient Data."  A note in the file reads "See attached sketch" but there is no sketch attached to prove the assertion the case was one" representing hundreds of similar reports..."

Oct. 31, Kannapolis, KS. An obviously fast-moving balloon confused the pilots of two F-80C's west of Salina near Kannapolis, Kansas.  It was day and they had no radar contact but did see something. They assumed some type of balloon. It was round, silver, silver doll sized at arm's length, no tail, lights or sound. It moved very low and slow at a 45 degree angle at 090 degrees moving slowly SE (note direction marching report from Bartlesville). Finally faded in the distance. It was observed for 1 hour and 35 minutes. There is a note that the time period listed longer than later in the report "see report attached" yet the file is only 3 pages long and lacks report or weather information. 

Oct. 31, Bartlesville, Oklahoma. The object was round, baseball size when held at arm's length, silver and the single object was seen to be climbing while observed over a one and one half hour period. Binoculars (7x50) were used as well. Daytime sighting by tower operatives: S/Sgt Lloyd Stevens, A/1c Melvin Coradin, Bernard Stodolski. Two "salvos" scrambled from Tulsa but "no tally ho!"  Classed as a "balloon."

Nov. 2-3, Levelland, TX. Famous for the appearance of egg-shaped objects, cars stopped on the road and many other elements that provide an incredible amount of intriguing data and provide some evidence for electro-magnetic interference from UFO's to ground based machines.  Reports of such interference were later tracked to include a nearly 300 mile radius of the events in Texas.

Nov. 4, Elmwood Park, ILL

Nov. 5, Kearny, NE

Nov. 5, Alamogordo, NM. "Research engineer sights" a UFO as ten autos were stopped on US Hwy 54 near White Sands and the AF Missile Development Center. Additionally, two Army patrols saw similar objects at White Sands Proving Grounds on the previous Sunday - the dates of the Levelland, Texas area sightings.

Nov. 5, New Orleans, LA. Coast Guard spots brilliant flying object some 200 miles south of mouth of the Mississippi River. It was as bright as a planet, traveled in concentric circles around the Coast Guard ship Sebago. Sighted two times and both visible to the naked eye. Additionally, northern Louisiana police spotted a bright object half a car size rising from the ground near Monroe. 

Nov. 5-6, Albuquerque, NM. A 142 pg report resolved down to a one word explanation: "Venus." 

Nov. 5, Lake Baskatong, Ottawa, Canada was where a Mr. Jacques N. Jacobson of Staten Island, NY was visiting a hunting lodge. About 9 pm he and friends observed in the SE a "huge, brilliantly illuminated sphere" that appeared 1/8 the size of the moon's diameter. It was hanging a few feet above the summit of a hill 2-3 miles away. It was yellowish white in color and did not twinkle or bling at all.

Nov. 5, Paris, IL

Nov. 5, Kearney, NE - This is a case involving a man who was a clear huckster and probable con man. He is arrested and placed in a facility for testing. He and the case are, I suspect, a massive coverup to conceal and minimize the events being made prominent in the press related to events in Texas and other locations that hint at something abnormal happening. The AF will use this case to minimize witnesses/cases and minimize all sightings as "hoaxes." 

Nov. 6, Delmar and Santa Monica, CA. Early in the morning a motor stalled and a witness observed an egg shaped object "in a blue haze on the beach". The object was a solid metallic tan or cream color with two metal rings on which it rested. There were two men about 5ft in height dressed somewhat like motorcycle riders who spoke in broken English and asked questions. Then this yellowish-green color changed the objects color in the early light.  A similar sighting occurred in the foothills nearby of sighting an object similar in shape. 

Nov. 6, Montville, OH. A sharply outlined object with a sombrero appearance (28 feet across by 9 feet tall) was observed for some 5 minutes. There was a slight hum and a phosphorescent glow. 

Nov. 6, Cleaveland, OH. A blue or greenish-white beam like searchlights was seen and a blue-green globular object. "Reporting observers cannot be very reliable as to estimated size ..." because their description was that the object was the size of a basketball at arms length and that would make "the object almost three miles in diameter at given altitude." 

Nov. 13, Las Vegas, NV

Nov. 14, Hill City, KS. An object observed by a witness in the air was seen to be on a "rising course" for 8-9 minutes, shaped like a football with rounded ends the size of a pea (unclear if the ends or the object were the size of a pea). Appeared to be silver, metallic, had a bright ring around the oval of the object - horizontally - but not extending beyond the edges of the oval. The ring was similar to that seen on Saturn. The object was stationary for about 4 minutes THEN it appeared to follow a B-47 for another minute. THEN it rose vertically until it disappeared. It was noted the object was brighter when in motion. The conclusion was the old favorite - "Venus." 

Nov. 23 , Tonopah and Las Vegas area of NV. One labeled "psychological"  and this Hynek questioned and with good cause. The report was four objects seen for 20 minutes moving north. The "discs" were 50 feet away, they rose and slowly disappeared, a loud humming noise was heard, small landing impressions reported. This case was evaluated as an optical illusion or mistaken identity of conventional aircraft or due to road fatigue, road hypnosis and existing conditions (half lift of dawn, flat country with good reflective surfaces and qualities. It was labeled a case with "psychological implications" and a "possible hoax."  The report is some 53 pages in length and some pages are missing.  Several complaints about messages with questions not being answered, etc. Often these were labeled with "messages or actions taken to contact Dr. Fitts for analysis or reports on incident..."Capt Gregory and S. Simpson on 24 March 1958 exchanged a communication "Ref your informal notes on Dr. Fitts...he failed to show up. In view of already sticky situation on this matter plus....I think it best for BMI to not intercede anymore.""  Then , "no matter now xxx xxxx reached interest of high level Washington groups..." Dr. Paul H. Fits, was with the Department of Psychology at Ohio State University and, for a time, was an Air Force Project Blue Book (and maybe other intelligence groups?) consultant for special cases.  The sighting had been made by Lt. Joseph F. Long, 23 Nov. 1957 west of Tenapah, Nevada.  Some labeled this as unique as no military pilot prior to this had a "close encounter. Made contact...or near contact."  What makes this file also unique is that large segments of the file contain photocopies from a book, Aboard the Flying Saucers, by Truman Bethemin who in 1952 had an "encounter "not far from the same location. The statement by the witness in the 1957 case provided a lot of detail as distance, descriptions, etc. Oddly, the report included a statement by the psychologist who cited a "lack of details" as a nail in the coffin of the hallucination! 

Nov. 25, Scott AFB, ILL

Dec. Duncanville, Texas. An object described as three-cornered star with the number of points of light changing as viewed. It was the size of a grapefruit seen through binoculars. Colors were white, green, blue and with the binoculars that only changed to blue, green and white. Object had points like antenna and moved only 45 degrees in two hours.